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May10
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The Bulk Photovolatic Effect in Polar Oxides for Robust and Efficient Solar Energy Harveting
ABSTRACT: Solar energy is the most promising source of renewable, clean energy to replace the current reliance on fossil fuels. Ferroelectric (FE) materials have recently attracted increased attention as a candidate class of materials for use in photovoltaic devices. Their strong inversion symmetry breaking due to spontaneous polarization allows for excited carrier separation by the bulk of the material and voltages higher than the band gap (Eg), which may allow efficiencies beyond the Shockley-Queisser limit. Ferroelectric oxides are also robust and can be fabricated using low cost methods such as sol-gel thin film deposition and sputtering. Recent work has shown how a decrease in ferroelectric layer thickness and judicious engineering of domain structures and FE-electrode interfaces can dramatically increase the current harvested from FE absorber materials. Further improvements have been blocked by the wide band gaps (Eg =2.7-4 eV) of FE oxides, which allow the use of only 8-20% of the solar spectrum and drastically reduce the upper limit of photovoltaic efficiency.
In this talk, I will discuss new insight into the bulk photovoltaic effect, and materials design to enhance the photovoltaic efficiency. We calculate from first principles the current arising from the "shift current" mechanism, and demonstrate that it quantitatively explains the observed current. Then, we analyze the electronic features that lead to strong photovoltaic effects. Finally, we present new oxides that are strongly polar yet have band gaps in the visible range, offering prospects for greatly enhanced bulk photovoltaic effects.BIO: Andrew M. Rappe is a Professor of Chemistry and Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania. He received his A. B. in “Chemistry and Physics– summa cum laude from Harvard University in 1986, and his Ph. D. in “Physics and Chemistry– from MIT in 1992. He was an IBM Postdoctoral Fellow at UC Berkeley before starting at Penn in 1994. Andrew received an NSF CAREER award in 1997, an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship in 1998, and a Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award in 1999. He was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 2006. Andrew is one of the two founding co-directors of Pennergy: the Penn Center for Energy Innovation. He is also one of the founding co-directors of the VIPER honors program at Penn, the Vagelos Integrated Program in Energy Research. Andrew has published more than 200 peer-reviewed articles. Many of his current research interests revolve around ferroelectric phase transitions in oxides, surface chemistry and catalysis of complex oxides, and the interplay between the two: a) He helped establish relationships between composition and ferroelectric phase transition temperature in bismuth-containing perovskite oxides, b) He predicted that changing chemical vapor composition above a ferroelectric oxide could reorient its polarization, c) He revealed the mechanism of domain wall motion in ferroelectric oxides, d) He showed that changing ferroelectric polarization dramatically changes catalytic activity of supported metal films and nanoparticles, and e) He uses computational materials design to invent new ferroelectric photovoltaics for solar applications. In recent years, he has become actively involved in the theory of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites and topological materials.
TIME Tuesday, May 10, 2016 at 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
LOCATION L361 Technological Institute map it
CONTACT Department Office matsci@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering
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Apr22
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Brought to you by the MSE Resource Center & MSE Finance Team
Every Mondays & Thursdays 10-11am
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-Policy & ProceduresTIME Monday, April 22, 2024 at 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
LOCATION 2036, Cook Hall map it
CONTACT Wade Tischhauser wade@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MatSci)
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Apr25
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-Policy & ProceduresTIME Thursday, April 25, 2024 at 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
LOCATION 2036, Cook Hall map it
CONTACT Wade Tischhauser wade@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MatSci)
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Apr29
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-Policy & ProceduresTIME Monday, April 29, 2024 at 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
LOCATION 2036, Cook Hall map it
CONTACT Wade Tischhauser wade@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MatSci)
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May2
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-Policy & ProceduresTIME Thursday, May 2, 2024 at 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
LOCATION 2036, Cook Hall map it
CONTACT Wade Tischhauser wade@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MatSci)
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May6
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-Policy & ProceduresTIME Monday, May 6, 2024 at 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
LOCATION 2036, Cook Hall map it
CONTACT Wade Tischhauser wade@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MatSci)
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May8
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lessThe Center for Scientific Studies in the Arts is a collaboration between the Art Institute of Chicago and materials science-related departments at Northwestern University to pursue objects-based and objects-inspired scientific research. Materials research benefits ongoing work in conservation, archaeology, art history, and curatorial scholarship.
Learn how the Center uses materials research to care for art objects in sustainable, innovative ways with Maria Kokkori, Senior Scientist in the Center for Scientific Studies in the Arts. She will be in conversation with Corey Byrnes, Northwestern Associate Professor of Chinese Culture and co-founder/co-director of the Environmental Humanities Workshop in Kaplan Humanities Center.
This event is presented by the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science in conjunction with exhibition Actions for the Earth: Art, Care & Ecology.
TIME Wednesday, May 8, 2024 at 6:00 PM - 7:30 PM
LOCATION Block Museum of Art, Mary and Leigh map it
CONTACT Block Museum of Art block-museum@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Block Museum of Art
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May9
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-Policy & ProceduresTIME Thursday, May 9, 2024 at 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
LOCATION 2036, Cook Hall map it
CONTACT Wade Tischhauser wade@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MatSci)
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May13
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-Policy & ProceduresTIME Monday, May 13, 2024 at 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
LOCATION 2036, Cook Hall map it
CONTACT Wade Tischhauser wade@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MatSci)
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May16
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-Policy & ProceduresTIME Thursday, May 16, 2024 at 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
LOCATION 2036, Cook Hall map it
CONTACT Wade Tischhauser wade@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MatSci)
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May20
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-Policy & ProceduresTIME Monday, May 20, 2024 at 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
LOCATION 2036, Cook Hall map it
CONTACT Wade Tischhauser wade@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MatSci)
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May23
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Brought to you by the MSE Resource Center & MSE Finance Team
Every Mondays & Thursdays 10-11am
In-person Availability to assist with:-Purchasing/Procurement methods
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-Policy & ProceduresTIME Thursday, May 23, 2024 at 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
LOCATION 2036, Cook Hall map it
CONTACT Wade Tischhauser wade@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MatSci)
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May27
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Brought to you by the MSE Resource Center & MSE Finance Team
Every Mondays & Thursdays 10-11am
In-person Availability to assist with:-Purchasing/Procurement methods
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-Policy & ProceduresTIME Monday, May 27, 2024 at 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
LOCATION 2036, Cook Hall map it
CONTACT Wade Tischhauser wade@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MatSci)
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May30
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Brought to you by the MSE Resource Center & MSE Finance Team
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-Policy & ProceduresTIME Thursday, May 30, 2024 at 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
LOCATION 2036, Cook Hall map it
CONTACT Wade Tischhauser wade@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MatSci)
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Jun10
EVENT DETAILSmore info
lessMcCormick School of Engineering PhD Hooding and Master’s Degree Recognition Ceremony
TIME Monday, June 10, 2024 at 9:00 AM - 11:00 AM
LOCATION Welsh-Ryan Arena
CONTACT Amy Pokrass amy.pokrass@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science
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Jun10
TIME Monday, June 10, 2024 at 2:00 PM - 4:00 PM
LOCATION Welsh-Ryan Arena
CONTACT Amy Pokrass amy.pokrass@northwestern.edu EMAIL
CALENDAR McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science